Glucose is a colorless monosaccharide that is easily soluble in water, has a sweet taste, and is widely distributed in nature. It is generally in the form of white crystals or granular powders.

physical property:

White odorless crystalline particles or crystalline powders with a sweet taste.

Melting point: The melting point of α - D-glucose is 146 ℃, and the melting point of β - D-glucose is 150 ℃; The melting point of its hydrate (such as monohydrate) is 86 ℃. ‌‌1‌‌2

Density: The relative density is 1.544 (25 ℃). ‌‌

Chemical properties:

Aldehyde reaction: Glucose contains aldehyde groups (- CHO) and has reducibility. It can undergo silver mirror reaction with silver ammonia solution and react with newly prepared Cu (OH) 2 to form brick red precipitate.

Hydroxyl reaction: containing five hydroxyl groups (- OH), exhibiting the properties of polyols, such as esterification.

Oxidation reaction: Under the action of oxidants, gluconic acid, gluconic acid, or glucuronic acid can be generated.

Reduction reaction: Under the action of a reducing agent, sorbitol can be generated. ‌‌

Isomerization: Under weak alkaline conditions, glucose can undergo enol interconversion with fructose and mannose.